Year 2018 / Volume 29 / Number 2

Reviews

Osteochondroma or subungual exostosis subungueal? A systematic review

Rev. Esp. Pod. 2018; 29(2): 81-86 / DOI: 10.20986/revesppod.2018.1521/2018

María Teresa Méndez Fernández, Alfonso Martínez Nova


ABSTRACT

Background: Anglosaxon literature describes exostosis and subungual osteochondroma such as lesions equal to or greater than 0.5 cm, which deform the nail plate and categorized as benign bone tumors. The only difference reported is the cap that covers them, in one is fibrocartilage (exostosis) and in the other hyaline cartilage (osteochondroma). However, these definitions do not coincide with the description known in the Spanish podiatric literature. Due to the possible confusion in the literature between these pathologies, the main objective of this paper is to clarify the difference between subungual exostosis and osteochondroma.
Material and methods: A literature search (Pubmed) was carried out with the key words “Subungual exostosis” and “Subungual osteochondroma”, the exclusion criteria are articles prior to 1998 and articles in a language other than English or Spanish. The last pathological anatomies of similar lesions taken at the CPUEX have also been reviewed.
Results: The radiology and clinic of the two pathologies is practically equal, with the only histological difference of the fibro-cartilage cap (subungual exostosis) and the cap of hyaline cartilage (subungual osteochondroma). Therefore, what spanish podiatrists usually know as subungual exostosis it seems not to agree with the anglosaxon literature. Of the clinical cases of CPUEX (8) with diagnosis of presumed osteochondroma, three of them received the diagnosis of subungual exostosis.
Conclusions: These two entities seem to have the same clinical and radiological presentation, which only differentiation seems to be to histological level. What we currently know in Spanish literature as subungual exostosis should be redefined, being a proposal “dorsal osteophyte”.



RESUMEN

Introducción: La literatura anglosajona describe la exostosis y el osteocondroma subungueal como lesiones iguales o superiores a 0,5 cm, que deforman la lámina ungueal y como tumores óseos benignos. La única diferencia reportada consistiría en que en la exostosis existe una cubierta de fibrocartílago y en el osteocondroma de cartílago hialino. Sin embargo, estas definiciones no coinciden con la descripción conocida en la literatura podológica española. Debido a la posible confusión en la literatura entre estas patologías, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es clarificar la diferencia entre exostosis subungueal y osteocondroma.
Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica (Pubmed) con las palabras claves “Subungual exostosis” y “Subungual osteochondroma”, siendo criterios de exclusión los artículos anteriores a 1998 y los artículos en idioma diferente al español o inglés. También se han revisado las últimas anatomías patológicas de lesiones similares tomadas en la CPUEX.
Resultados: La radiología y clínica de las dos patologías es prácticamente idéntica, con la única diferencia histológica de la capa de fibrocartílago (exostosis subungueal) y de cartílago hialino (osteocondroma subungueal). Por tanto, lo que habitualmente los podólogos conocemos como exostosis subungueal, no parece concordar con la literatura anglosajona. De los casos clínicos de la CPUEX (8) con diagnóstico de presunción de osteocondroma, tres de ellos recibieron el diagnóstico de exostosis subungueal.
Conclusiones: Estas dos entidades parecen tener una misma presentación clínica y radiológica, cuya única diferenciación parece ser a nivel histológico. Lo que lo que actualmente en la literatura española conocemos como exostosis subungueal debería ser redefinido, siendo una propuesta “osteofito dorsal”.


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Méndez Fernández M, Martínez Nova A. Osteochondroma or subungual exostosis subungueal? A systematic review. Rev Esp Pod 2018; 29(2): 81-86 / DOI: 1020986/revesppod20181521/2018


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Publication history

Received: 18/07/2018

Accepted: 25/11/2018

Online First: 27/11/2018

Published: 21/12/2018

Article revision time: 129 days

Article Online First time: 132 days

Article editing time: 156 days


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