Year 2019 / Volume 30 / Number 1

Original Papers

Variations of innervation of superficial peroneal nerve and sural nerve in distal leg and foot. An anatomic cadaveric study

Rev. Esp. Pod. 2019; 30(1): 3-9 / DOI: 10.20986/revesppod.2019.1538/2019

Francisco Casado Hernández, Ángel Manuel Orejana García, Javier Pascual Huerta


ABSTRACT

Introduction: There are important variations in the innervation of the dorsum of the foot and leg regarding the distribution of the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) and sural nerve (SN). Although several patterns have been described, literature has not reach a consensus on the percentages of those patterns.
Materials and methods: A cadaveric anatomical study was performed on 49 fresh frozen lower limbs. The study had a transversal descriptive design. A systematic dissection was carried out on dorsum of the foot of the specimens and the estimated prevalence of anatomic variations taking as reference 3 patterns of distribution was calculated. Measurements of perforation of the SPN and SN were also taken.
Results: The patterns of distribution of SPN were: 48.89 % (CI 95 % from 33.70 % to 64.08 %) had a type I distribution, where SPN pierces deep fascia and then it divides into medial dorsal cutaneous nerve (MDCN) and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve (IDCN); 33.33 % (CI 95 % from 19.01 % to 47.66 %) had a type II distribution, where SPN bifurcates and then pierces the fascial layer separately as MDCN and IDCN; 17.78 % (CI 95 % from 6.16 % to 29.39 %) had a type III distribution, where SPN pierces deep fascia, courses identical as MDCN and IDCN is absent.
Conclusion: The present study gives data on the pattern of distribution of the innervation of the dorsum of the foot and leg and its percentages in a sample of 49 feet. The information reported has important implications in surgical and anesthetic approaches of the foot and ankle.



RESUMEN

Introducción: Existen variaciones importantes en cuanto a la distribución y territorio de inervación del nervio peroneo superficial (NPS) y nervio sural (NS) en la cara dorsolateral del pie y la pierna, habiendo sido descritos diferentes patrones de inervación. La literatura no es concluyente en cuanto a los porcentajes de presentación de estos patrones.
Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cadavérico sobre 49 piezas anatómicas con un diseño descriptivo transversal. El estudio se realizó sobre piezas recientemente descongeladas que se diseccionaron de forma sistemática. Se estimó la prevalencia de variaciones anatómicas con respecto a tres patrones de distribución y se tomaron mediciones de las perforaciones del NPS y del NS respecto al maléolo peroneo.
Resultados: La distribución encontrada fue: un 48.89 % (IC 95 % de 33.70 % a 64.08 %); presentaba una distribución tipo I (el NPS perfora la fascia profunda y posteriormente se divide en nervio cutáneo dorsal intermedio [NCDI] y nervio cutáneo dorsal medial [NCDM]), un 33.33 % (IC 95 % de 19.01 % a 47.66 %) presentaba una distribución tipo II (el NPS se divide en el compartimento profundo y el NCDI y NCDM perforan la fascia como estructuras independientes) y un 17,78 % (IC 95 % de 6,16 % a 29,39 %) presentaba una distribución tipo III (el NPS perfora la fascia profunda y sigue el recorrido del NCDM y el NCDI está ausente).
Conclusión: El presente estudio aporta datos de patrones de inervación dorsal del pie en una muestra de 49 piezas cadavéricas. Esta información puede resultar de utilidad en los abordajes quirúrgicos y anestésicos del pie.


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Casado Hernández F, Orejana García Á, Pascual Huerta J. Variations of innervation of superficial peroneal nerve and sural nerve in distal leg and foot. An anatomic cadaveric study. Rev Esp Pod 2019; 30(1): 3-9 / DOI: 1020986/revesppod20191538/2019


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Publication history

Received: 09/02/2019

Accepted: 19/03/2019

Online First: 23/04/2019

Published: 28/06/2019

Article revision time: 36 days

Article Online First time: 73 days

Article editing time: 139 days


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2024 Revista Española de Podología
ISSN: 0210-1238   e-ISSN: 2695-463X

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